7 Separation Anxiety Myths

Some dogs display separation anxiety symptoms that are exceptions to the rules.

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As a canine behavior specialist, I’ve seen my share of dogs over the years who suffered from separation anxiety. The vast majority of my clients have been able to modify their dog’s distress when left alone, and I felt confident in my knowledge of the issue. Then my husband and I adopted a two-year-old Husky-mix from our local shelter, and everything changed.

Sierra didn’t exhibit the classic signs of separation anxiety, namely, destruction, urination and/or defecation, and vocalization. We’d leave her loose in the house alone and return to find everything intact, no mess, and no complaints from the neighbors about noise. I never would have suspected there was a problem except that when I was gone, even for short periods, I’d find her panting heavily. It wasn’t due to hot weather – we adopted her in late December – so I set up a video camera to monitor her activity.

Here’s what I discovered: Immediately after my departure, Sierra began pacing between the window where she could see my car pull out, and the French doors, where she could view it disappearing down the hill to the main road. The vocalizing that accompanied the pacing went from soft whimpering to a pronounced series of whines, and soon turned into barking. The barks became more urgent. Finally, she melted into a series of pitiful howls. Reviewing the footage tore at my heart. My girl was clearly suffering.

Donning my red cape, I instantly morphed from Dog Mom into Behavior Woman, able to solve tall canine conundrums in a single leap of logic. I used the same types of solutions that had worked for many of my clients, while simultaneously ensuring that Sierra was never left alone unless we were practicing our protocols.

But it soon became obvious that Sierra just hadn’t read the right books; she not only didn’t show typical symptoms, but she also didn’t respond to many of the things that normally worked. My red cape obviously needed some sprucing up.

Living with a dog who has separation issues is very different than giving someone else advice about doing so, and I soon developed deep empathy for owners. I also became a one-woman research and development team. I scoured the latest studies, read and re-read all the available literature, and tried out a variety of tools and techniques.

I eventually redesigned parts of my protocols, created outside-the-box tactics and, eventually, wrote a book about separation anxiety, Don’t Leave Me! Step by Step Help for Your Dog’s Separation Anxiety (Phantom Publishing,  2011). Along the way, I discovered that some of the long-held, traditionally accepted truths about separation issues just aren’t valid, at least for some dogs.

Here are seven common myths, and why you shouldn’t take them at face value:

velcro dog
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1. Dogs Who Have Separation Anxiety are Always “Velcro” Dogs

This is a term commonly used for dogs who stick close by your side, not wanting to be away from you even for a moment. It’s true that many dogs with separation issues follow their owners around the house. Some owners can’t shower in peace, while others can’t even use the bathroom without taking their dogs in with them. And a 2001 study by Gerard Flannigan and Nicholas Dodman did find that hyperattachment to the owner was significantly associated with separation anxiety. With all of that, it makes sense to believe that all dogs with separation issues must be Velcro dogs.

Sierra shattered that particular myth for me. A true predator at heart, she enjoys nothing better than lying on the ramp outside the back door and surveying her domain. The hills that surround our house are plentiful with lizards, mice, bunnies, and other assorted critters. Sierra is very patient and lightning fast, and more than once I’ve found her with a hapless lizard hanging out of her mouth. (I keep threatening to sign her up for Predators Anonymous, but so far my warnings haven’t been heeded.) Suffice it to say that following me around the house is pretty boring compared to watching over her Wild Kingdom, and she’d prefer to be outside; that is, as long as she knows I’m in the house. Once she hears the car pull away it’s game over, and the stress of separation kicks in.

Sierra’s not the only one. There are plenty of other dogs who, while they might not be strongly predatory, are just fine in or outside the house a long as they know someone is at home. So don’t jump to conclusions. If your dog follows you around like drama follows Lindsay Lohan, it could be separation anxiety, but it’s not necessarily the case. And if your dog doesn’t shadow your every move, that doesn’t mean separation issues can be ruled out, either.

dog sleeping in bed
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2. Letting Your Dog Sleep in Your Bed Will Cause Separation Anxiety

I can’t tell you the number of times I’ve heard trainers advise owners not to allow their dogs to sleep with them, for fear the dog would become so bonded that being left alone would become unbearable. Nothing could be further from the truth. The above-referenced study also concluded that “activities such as allowing the dog on the owner’s bed . . . were not associated with separation anxiety.”

While it’s true that sleeping in the owner’s bed won’t cause separation anxiety, if your dog already suffers from the issue, all of that nighttime closeness won’t help. After all, the goal is for your dog to learn to feel relaxed when alone, and if he can’t even be physically separated from you overnight, how can he remain calm by himself during the day when you’re gone? Start by giving your dog an alternate sleeping space. Don’t worry; it can be right by your bed at first. Place a dog bed next to yours and gently coax your dog back into his own bed each time he tries to climb up into yours; or, if necessary, use a short leash to tether him in place nearby. You might eventually choose to have him sleep farther away or outside the room altogether, but getting him out of your bed is a good start.

dog not eating
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3. If Your Dog Has Separation Anxiety, He Won’t Eat While You’re Gone

Think back to a situation where you were extremely worried or afraid. Chances are, a tasty pizza wasn’t the first thing on your mind. For many stressed-out dogs, the same mechanism is at work. But chewing provides stress relief for dogs, and in many cases, despite their stress, dogs will excavate stuffed Kongs, gnaw on chew bones, or work at food-dispensing toys. If you stuff a Kong or other food dispenser for your dog, place the item within easy reach and lay out a short trail of super yummy treats leading to it. This trail o’ treats is more likely to entice your dog to begin chewing than leaving the Kong lying there by itself.

Some dogs are too wound up to stay in one place to chew. For those dogs, a food dispenser that can be batted around, such as the Molecuball or Kong Wobbler, is a better choice. These products allow the dog to expend that anxious energy in a more active way, and by providing that focus, may even prevent destruction.

Schnauzer destroyed couch
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4. If Your Dog Destroys Things While You’re Away, He Must Have Separation Anxiety

I once had an owner tell me that his dog was suffering from separation anxiety. When I asked how he knew, he said he’d discussed it with his veterinarian, who had put the dog on medication. I asked how the problem had been diagnosed. What were the symptoms? The dog, he informed me, had chewed a shoe while he was gone. I waited. And? Well…that was it. The dog had destroyed a shoe. The man had heard that dogs with separation anxiety chew things, had put two and two together, and had, with the veterinarian’s assistance, come to this conclusion. While it’s true that destructiveness is the number one symptom of separation anxiety, many dogs are destructive for other reasons, including boredom, under-stimulation, or not being completely trained.

In cases of true separation anxiety, destruction is often focused on the owner’s belongings, since the scent is comforting to the dog, or around doors and windows where the owner has left or can be seen leaving. Destruction of other items is possible, of course, but again, destructiveness in and of itself is not necessarily a sign of a separation issue. As with other clues, it must be factored in to the total case history.

two dogs
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5. Getting Another Dog Will Solve the Problem

Oh, if only this one was always true! Whether getting a second dog will alleviate the anxiety of the first depends largely on whether the original dog’s distress stems from being separated from a particular person (what we typically think of as separation anxiety), or from simply not wanting to be left alone, which is more accurately called isolation distress. In the case of the latter, any warm body will do.

That’s good news, as the problem might be solved by the presence of a different person, another dog, or, in some cases, even a cat. So for a dog with isolation distress, getting another dog certainly could help; but there is always the chance that it won’t; and, in the worst-case scenario, you could end up with two dogs with separation issues!

Unless you were planning to add another dog to the family anyway, it’s better to do a bit of experimenting first. Consider fostering a dog for a rescue organization or borrowing a friend’s sturdy, non-anxious dog for a short time. That way, you’ll find out whether your dog is more relaxed with a buddy while you’re gone. (Just be careful to end the experiment if your dog makes the guest dog anxious.) Who knows, if it works out, you might even decide to adopt the foster dog permanently!

dog in crate
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6. A Dog with Separation Anxiety Should Never be Left in a Crate When Alone

This one is another partial myth. There are dogs who, if left crated, will frantically try to escape, and may injure themselves in the process. Others will chew themselves to the point of self-mutilation. Clearly, for those dogs, crating is not a good option. But for a dog who is comfortable in her crate, who sleeps in it at night, and doesn’t mind being contained there for brief periods during the day, the crate might just be a saving grace. Many dogs will settle down more quickly when crated, particularly if the crate lends a feeling of being safely enclosed. For that reason among others, I prefer the plastic snap-together type crates to the wire ones.

7. If Your Dog Has Separation Anxiety, It’s Best to Ignore Him While You’re at Home

This one was probably an extrapolation of the traditional advice to ignore your dog for 10 minutes before leaving the house, and for 10 minutes after returning. The logic goes that the less difference in emotional peaks and valleys between when you’re at home and when you’re gone, the easier it will be for the dog. But I didn’t get a dog to ignore him, and I bet you didn’t either. Besides, imagine that your significant other suddenly began to ignore you. Wouldn’t you wonder what you’d done wrong? Would you not become anxious and stressed even if you weren’t to begin with? Dogs are masters of observation and believe me, if you suddenly start to ignore your dog, chances are you’ll cause more anxiety, not less. It is true that you shouldn’t make a huge fuss over your comings and goings, but keeping things on an even keel emotionally is the key.

Treat the Individual

If your dog has separation anxiety, keep these myths in mind. While some might hold true, others just might not. Closely observing your dog’s behavior and evaluating it on an individual basis will allow your treatment plan to be that much more successful.

7 COMMENTS

  1. I have a 4 year old husky, I adopted her from a shelter about a year and a half ago, and just recently (Its been about 3 weeks) we moved from a 4 bedroom house with a backyard that she had full reign of, to renting a room in a house with no access to the backyard.

    When it’s time for bed, she paces, pants, Digs at the door jam, whines, and takes about 20-30 minutes to settle down (occasionally she gets back up and repeats the cycle after calming down). She gets about 3 hours of exercise each day in various forms, and we always go for a 30-45 minute walk an hour before bed time.

    There are other dogs that live in the house currently, she was the only dog at the old house. She doesn’t get to sleep in the same area as the dogs in our current place.

    When we stay at my partners house, who also has a dog, the dogs sleep together and she does not have any signs of nighttime anxiety.

    I continue to “calm” train, but I feel so bad that she is trapped in the room and can’t roam around the house like she is used to.

    Do you have any helpful tips or suggestions?!

  2. Our Frenchie bulldog pup has been with us for about 4 1/2 months she is 11 months old now, I trained her to walk on the leash since she wanted nothing to do with that at first and trained her to come when called. I let her sleep with my girlfriend in a different room and since she has been following her everywhere she enjoys time with me during the day when my girlfriend is home here but now when my girlfriend leaves if she doesn’t take the pup with her she wines by the door I call her in on my lap but she stares at the door then after a couple of minutes she goes by the door and lays down staring at the door I created this by letting the pup stay with her most of the time, how can I get her to be close to me also or is that not possible. I hate when she has anxiety like that.

  3. I just got an failed foster dog that is definitely a Velcro dog, but doesn’t destroy things when I leave her alone or urinate. Due to covid it’s not easy for me to be away from her long periods of time, but I’m worried about what will happen when I do have to return to normal life. How do I help her transition while also understanding I’m around a lot right now

  4. Hi I am alejandro verdin and I think my puppy has this issue I left her at my old apartment for two days and my sisters boyfriend was feeding her but she destroyed my pillows and popped on them and ripped them up and when I walk in her Bowl was filled with food and her water was still there two and she chewd a hole in the wall to try to escape also befor if I left for a few hours she would pop and pee alot and chew boxes and stuff she can get a hold of and right now she’s in a kennel and she’s whimpering and she’s breathing hard and I had pads in there I took them out because she was ripping them up so how do I held her

  5. I have a Chihuahua Schitzu mix who’s name is Taffy. The main root of her problem was that her mother didn’t take any of her puppies out from under the bed (where they were born), until they were three months old! We think this is why she isn’t very sociable and has separation anxiety. We got her when she was about 5 months old and since it’s all females in the house, I think she felt safe. The night of the day we got her, we left her in the living room with access to the kitchen and hallway. She ended up pooping in the kitchen and whining all night-who can blame her? Eventually, I (being 16 years old!) potty-trained her and she was able to sleep with me in the bed. She chose me as her favorite person and loses it when I leave the house to take the trash out, nevermind leaving for an extended period of time-even when another person is with her.
    Because I’m a Distance Learner because of the pandemic, I have been crate training my dog. I would leave her starting with 30 minutes to an hour at a time, being in the room. Eventually, I would leave the room to do some chores and she would be fine for an hour. The real test came when I had to leave the house for an entire school day to take tests. She was all alone and we left her in her crate with a CBD treat, her anxiety bear, a blanket, and a chew toy. We know not to crowd a crate. My Mom told me that Taffy was okay when she came home, she was just whining. However, as was expected, she had peed and pooped in her cage. I was really impressed! However, I had to leave for a single day the next week, for a SHORTER amount of time, and this time we left her with a pillow for the bottom of the cage, two CBD treats, and a chew toy. We pulled into the driveway and my Mom started joking about what had been on my mind for a while. What if, by some chance, Taffy escaped her crate? I thought it was funny and told my Mom I had been wondering the same thing.
    So, we got into the house and I peeked in the living room and said, “Oh my God, Mom- you were right!” Taffy had escaped her crate! We had already been worried because we didn’t hear her whining and barking like she usually does when she hears someone coming in. Then here comes little miss Taffy, calm as can be trotting from the hallway. She calmly greeted us but was obviously very excited.
    Somehow, Taffy had pulled the cage door up and inwards, tore up the pillow, and escaped. So naturally, the first thing I did was check the house to see if she had destroyed anything. All the room doors had been left open because we like to “air out” the house during the day. I went from room to room and hadn’t found anything (I was looking for pee and poop.) Then I found it in my sister’s room. Taffy had peed and pooped, which I wasn’t, and my Mom wasn’t too mad about. I cleaned it up and started thinking, “Maybe Taffy would be okay if I left her in the open with all the room doors closed except for where we sleep and the hallway.” (There are no doors separating the hallway, kitchen and living room) Maybe I could leave her with a couple potty pads in the hallway, and make sure all the rugs are rolled up.
    So, we’re going to try it for a small amount of time when we go on a grocery run. I really hope she will be okay. Wish me luck!

  6. I have a 13 week old puppy and every time I put him in his carrier he goes mad. He bites the bars and wines. He is fine when the door is open but as soon as I close it all he’ll breaks loose. Any tips on how I could help to calm him when he is in the carrier. He is jack russell cross with a wired hair fox terrier. Any help would be great